Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu 14.04

1. Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu
2. Ubuntu Add Ssh Key

Aug 09, 2018 By following this post you will be able to generate SSH keys on Windows 10 using Ubuntu on Windows and PuTTy. Generating these keys from Linux is easy, and thanks to Ubuntu on Windows, you can follow the same process from Windows 10. But even without Ubuntu, SSH keys can also be generated with the free and open source Windows application, PuTTy. Linux: How to Create a User in Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS. In this Linux system administration tutorial you will learn how to create a user on an Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) system with screenshots and instructions. When you have entered the command, press the Enter key.

In this Linux system administration tutorial you will learn how to create a user on an Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) system with screenshots and instructions.

Description

System administrators create user accounts to allow access to the system or system services. To add a new user, you will use the useradd command.

Syntax

The syntax for the useradd command is:

Prerequisites

The useradd command requires the following parameters:

-u User_ID

The -u parameter indicates that a user number will follow. This is the user number that will be assigned to this new user. The user number must be unique.

-g Group

The -g parameter indicates that a group number will follow. This can be either a group ID or group name that the user should be assigned to.

-d Directory_Path

Optional. The -d parameter sets the location of the user's home directory as specified by Directory_Path. Setting the home directory does not guarantee that the directory exists (see the -m parameter).

-m

Optional. The -m parameter creates the user's home directory if it does not already exist.

-c 'Full_User_Name'

Optional. This is an optional comment field but is generally used to hold the user's full name so the account can easily be identified. The Full_User_Name must be wrapped in quotations if it contains spaces.

User_Name

The user name of the account you would like to add. This must be unique and will be the account name that is used to log in.

NOTE: In this tutorial we will not be specifiying the -d parameter. This tells the system to use the default directory path of /home/User_Name for the home directory.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial you will require a running Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system and an account with sudo administrative privileges. The sudo command is used to provide the superuser privileges required for the useradd command.

Create a User

The following steps will guide you through creating a user on an Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system.

1. To begin adding a new user to your system, you will need to be logged in using a valid user account for your system. If you are unsure of how to do this, read our tutorial on Logging into Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS.

   In this tutorial, we have logged in as techonthenet on the host called ubuntu. Waves 64 bit mac download.

2. We will add a new user called jsmith which has a User ID of 10000, a home directory of /home/jsmith and is a member of the group called students which has a Group ID of 10000.

   To add the user called jsmith, we would enter the following command:

   The following screenshot demonstrates what you will see.

   When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.

3. The sudo command will now prompt you to enter the password for your administrator account.

   Please note that no characters will show as you type your password. This is normal and is important to preserve the security of your password.

   After you have entered your password, press the Enter key to continue.

4. If all goes well, you will see the system prompt appear again without any errors. This indicates that the new user called jsmith has been added successfully.

5. In this step we will check to ensure that the new user called jsmith was added to the system. Since new users are added to the end of the system passwd file called /etc/passwd, we can use the tail command to verify that the new user was added.

   Enter the following tail command after the system prompt to show the last few lines of the system passwd file:

   The following screenshot demonstrates what the command will look like after it is typed.

   When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.

6. As seen in the screenshot below, the following line appears at the end of the /etc/passwd file indicating that the jsmith user was created.

7. After creating a new user it is very important to assign a password to the new account. To set a password for the jsmith account enter the following command after the system prompt:

   The command will look like the following:

   When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.

8. The passwd command will now prompt you to enter the password you would like to associate with the jsmith account.

   Enter the password and press the Enter key when done.

9. The passwd command will now prompt you to re-enter the password to ensure that the passwords match.

   Re-enter the password and press the Enter key when done.

10. If all goes well, you will see the following line appear as it does in the screenshot below:

    This indicates that the password was successfully changed.

    Congratulations, you have successfully added a new user to your Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system!

Contents Generating RSA Keys

Parent page: Internet and Networking >> SSH

Public key authentication is more secure than password authentication. This is particularly important if the computer is visible on the internet. If you don't think it's important, try logging the login attempts you get for the next week. My computer - a perfectly ordinary desktop PC - had over 4,000 attempts to guess my password and almost 2,500 break-in attempts in the last week alone.

When the passphrase is provided by the user, this option also specifies whether the passphrase should be stored into the keychain once it has been verified to be correct. I had this issue as well when attempting to deploy some code using. The argument must be 'yes' or 'no'. Very frustrating. Osx seirra generate new ssh keys. The default is 'no'.

With public key authentication, the authenticating entity has a public key and a private key. Each key is a large number with special mathematical properties. The private key is kept on the computer you log in from, while the public key is stored on the .ssh/authorized_keys file on all the computers you want to log in to. When you log in to a computer, the SSH server uses the public key to 'lock' messages in a way that can only be 'unlocked' by your private key - this means that even the most resourceful attacker can't snoop on, or interfere with, your session. As an extra security measure, most SSH programs store the private key in a passphrase-protected format, so that if your computer is stolen or broken in to, you should have enough time to disable your old public key before they break the passphrase and start using your key. Wikipedia has a more detailed explanation of how keys work.

Public key authentication is a much better solution than passwords for most people. In fact, if you don't mind leaving a private key unprotected on your hard disk, you can even use keys to do secure automatic log-ins - as part of a network backup, for example. Different SSH programs generate public keys in different ways, but they all generate public keys in a similar format:

Key-based authentication is the most secure of several modes of authentication usable with OpenSSH, such as plain password and Kerberos tickets. Key-based authentication has several advantages over password authentication, for example the key values are significantly more difficult to brute-force, or guess than plain passwords, provided an ample key length. Other authentication methods are only used in very specific situations.

SSH can use either 'RSA' (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) or 'DSA' ('Digital Signature Algorithm') keys. Both of these were considered state-of-the-art algorithms when SSH was invented, but DSA has come to be seen as less secure in recent years. RSA is the only recommended choice for new keys, so this guide uses 'RSA key' and 'SSH key' interchangeably.

Key-based authentication uses two keys, one 'public' key that anyone is allowed to see, and another 'private' key that only the owner is allowed to see. To securely communicate using key-based authentication, one needs to create a key pair, securely store the private key on the computer one wants to log in from, and store the public key on the computer one wants to log in to.

Using key based logins with ssh is generally considered more secure than using plain password logins. Free powerpoint themes download for mac. This section of the guide will explain the process of generating a set of public/private RSA keys, and using them for logging into your Ubuntu computer(s) via OpenSSH.

The first step involves creating a set of RSA keys for use in authentication.

This should be done on the client.

To create your public and private SSH keys on the command-line:

You will be prompted for a location to save the keys, and a passphrase for the keys. This passphrase will protect your private key while it's stored on the hard drive:

Your public key is now available as .ssh/id_rsa.pub in your home folder.

Congratulations! You now have a set of keys. Now it's time to make your systems allow you to login with them

Choosing a good passphrase

You need to change all your locks if your RSA key is stolen. Otherwise the thief could impersonate you wherever you authenticate with that key.

An SSH key passphrase is a secondary form of security that gives you a little time when your keys are stolen. If your RSA key has a strong passphrase, it might take your attacker a few hours to guess by brute force. That extra time should be enough to log in to any computers you have an account on, delete your old key from the .ssh/authorized_keys file, and add a new key.

Your SSH key passphrase is only used to protect your private key from thieves. It's never transmitted over the Internet, and the strength of your key has nothing to do with the strength of your passphrase.

The decision to protect your key with a passphrase involves convenience x security. Note that if you protect your key with a passphrase, then when you type the passphrase to unlock it, your local computer will generally leave the key unlocked for a time. So if you use the key multiple times without logging out of your local account in the meantime, you will probably only have to type the passphrase once.

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If you do adopt a passphrase, pick a strong one and store it securely in a password manager. You may also write it down on a piece of paper and keep it in a secure place. If you choose not to protect the key with a passphrase, then just press the return when ssh-keygen asks.

Key Encryption Level

Note: The default is a 2048 bit key. You can increase this to 4096 bits with the -b flag (Increasing the bits makes it harder to crack the key by brute force methods).

Password Authentication

The main problem with public key authentication is that you need a secure way of getting the public key onto a computer before you can log in with it. If you will only ever use an SSH key to log in to your own computer from a few other computers (such as logging in to your PC from your laptop), you should copy your SSH keys over on a memory stick, and disable password authentication altogether. If you would like to log in from other computers from time to time (such as a friend's PC), make sure you have a strong password.

The key you need to transfer to the host is the public one. If you can log in to a computer over SSH using a password, you can transfer your RSA key by doing the following from your own computer:

Where <username> and <host> should be replaced by your username and the name of the computer you're transferring your key to.

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Due to this bug, you cannot specify a port other than the standard port 22. You can work around this by issuing the command like this: ssh-copy-id '<username>@<host> -p <port_nr>'. If you are using the standard port 22, you can ignore this tip.

Another alternative is to copy the public key file to the server and concatenate it onto the authorized_keys file manually. It is wise to back that up first:

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You should be prompted for the passphrase for your key:

Enter passphrase for key '/home/<user>/.ssh/id_rsa':

Enter your passphrase, and provided host is configured to allow key-based logins, you should then be logged in as usual.

Encrypted Home Directory

If you have an encrypted home directory, SSH cannot access your authorized_keys file because it is inside your encrypted home directory and won't be available until after you are authenticated. Therefore, SSH will default to password authentication.

To solve this, create a folder outside your home named /etc/ssh/<username> (replace '<username>' with your actual username). This directory should have 755 permissions and be owned by the user. Move the authorized_keys file into it. The authorized_keys file should have 644 permissions and be owned by the user.

Then edit your /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add:

Finally, restart ssh with:

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The next time you connect with SSH you should not have to enter your password.

username@host's password:

If you are not prompted for the passphrase, and instead get just the

prompt as usual with password logins, then read on. There are a few things which could prevent this from working as easily as demonstrated above. On default Ubuntu installs however, the above examples should work. If not, then check the following condition, as it is the most frequent cause:

On the host computer, ensure that the /etc/ssh/sshd_config contains the following lines, and that they are uncommented;

If not, add them, or uncomment them, restart OpenSSH, and try logging in again. If you get the passphrase prompt now, then congratulations, you're logging in with a key!

Permission denied (publickey)

If you're sure you've correctly configured sshd_config, copied your ID, and have your private key in the .ssh directory, and still getting this error:

Permission denied (publickey).

Chances are, your /home/<user> or ~/.ssh/authorized_keys permissions are too open by OpenSSH standards. You can get rid of this problem by issuing the following commands:

Error: Agent admitted failure to sign using the key.

This error occurs when the ssh-agent on the client is not yet managing the key. Issue the following commands to fix:

This command should be entered after you have copied your public key to the host computer.

Debugging and sorting out further problems

The permissions of files and folders is crucial to this working. You can get debugging information from both the client and server.

Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu

if you think you have set it up correctly , yet still get asked for the password, try starting the server with debugging output to the terminal.

To connect and send information to the client terminal

No matter how your public key was generated, you can add it to your Ubuntu system by opening the file .ssh/authorized_keys in your favourite text editor and adding the key to the bottom of the file. You can also limit the SSH features that the key can use, such as disallowing port-forwarding or only allowing a specific command to be run. This is done by adding 'options' before the SSH key, on the same line in the authorized_keys file. For example, if you maintain a CVS repository, you could add a line like this:

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Ubuntu Add Ssh Key

When the user with the specified key logged in, the server would automatically run /usr/bin/cvs server, ignoring any requests from the client to run another command such as a shell. For more information, see the sshd man page. /755

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